Meghalaya General Knowledge: Master Question Bank (100 MCQs)
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*📜 Part 1: History, Freedom Movement & Statehood (Questions 1–20)*
*1. Who was the legendary Khasi chief who led the rebellion against British forces during the Anglo-Khasi War (1829–1833)?*
A) U Kiang Nangbah
B) U Tirot Sing
C) Pa Togan Sangma
D) U Wickliffe Syiem
*Answer: B) U Tirot Sing*
*2. U Tirot Sing was the Syiem (chief) of which traditional Khasi state?*
A) Nongkhlaw
B) Mylliem
C) Cherra
D) Khyrim
*Answer: A) Nongkhlaw*
*3. In which year was U Tirot Sing captured by the British and exiled to Dacca (now Dhaka)?*
A) 1831
B) 1833
C) 1835
D) 1839
*Answer: B) 1833*
*4. Name the Jaintia freedom fighter who led the uprising against the British house tax and was publicly hanged at Jowai.*
A) U Bor Manik
B) Pa Togan Sangma
C) U Kiang Nangbah
D) U Soso Tham
*Answer: C) U Kiang Nangbah*
*5. On which exact date was the legendary Jaintia leader U Kiang Nangbah executed by the British?*
A) December 30, 1862
B) October 2, 1861
C) July 17, 1835
D) April 4, 1863
*Answer: A) December 30, 1862*
*6. Pa Togan Nengminja Sangma was a prominent freedom fighter belonging to which community?*
A) Khasi
B) Jaintia
C) Garo
D) Hajong
*Answer: C) Garo*
*7. Where did Pa Togan Nengminja Sangma fight his final, heroic battle against British soldiers in 1872?*
A) Tura Hills
B) Matchu Rongkrek
C) Chokpot
D) Baghmara
*Answer: B) Matchu Rongkrek*
*8. Before achieving full statehood, Meghalaya was carved out of Assam as an autonomous state within Assam in which year?*
A) 1968
B) 1970
C) 1971
D) 1972
*Answer: B) 1970*
*9. On which date did Meghalaya officially become the 21st state of the Indian Union?*
A) January 21, 1972
B) January 26, 1972
C) April 2, 1970
D) December 30, 1971
*Answer: A) January 21, 1972*
*10. Which Indian Prime Minister officially inaugurated the statehood of Meghalaya at Polo Ground, Shillong?*
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Indira Gandhi
C) Lal Bahadur Shastri
D) Morarji Desai
*Answer: B) Indira Gandhi*
👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌
*11. Which Act of Parliament led to the creation of the full-fledged State of Meghalaya?*
A) The North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971
B) The State Reorganisation Act, 1956
C) The Assam Reorganisation (Meghalaya) Act, 1969
D) The Sixth Schedule Amendment Act
*Answer: A) The North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971*
*12. Who was the first Governor of the state of Meghalaya?*
A) B.K. Nehru
B) L.P. Singh
C) Prakash Mehrotra
*Answer: A) B.K. Nehru*
*13. Who served as the first Chief Minister of Meghalaya?*
A) Williamson A. Sangma
B) B.B. Lyngdoh
C) P.A. Sangma
D) D.D. Pugh
*Answer: A) Williamson A. Sangma*
*14. Captain Williamson A. Sangma, the first Chief Minister of Meghalaya, belonged to which political party at the time of statehood?*
A) Indian National Congress (INC)
B) All Party Hill Leaders Conference (APHLC)
C) Hill State People's Democratic Party (HSPDP)
D) Nationalist Congress Party (NCP)
*Answer: B) All Party Hill Leaders Conference (APHLC)*
*15. Who was the prominent political leader from Meghalaya who served as the Speaker of the Lok Sabha from 1996 to 1998?*
A) P. A. Sangma
B) B. B. Lyngdoh
C) Mukul Sangma
D) James Sangma
*Answer: A) P. A. Sangma*
*16. Who is widely regarded as the "Father of Khasi Poetry" for his foundational contributions to Khasi literature?*
A) U Soso Tham
B) Radhon Singh Berry
C) Jeebon Roy
D) Homiwell Lyngdoh
*Answer: A) U Soso Tham*
*17. Who wrote the famous Khasi literary masterpiece "Ki Sngi Barim u Hynniewtrep"?*
A) Radhon Singh Berry
B) U Soso Tham
C) Rev. Thomas Jones
D) Babu Jeebon Roy
*Answer: B) U Soso Tham*
*18. Which Christian missionary is credited with introducing the Roman script for the Khasi language?*
A) Rev. Thomas Jones
B) Rev. William Carey
C) Alexander Duff
D) David Scott
*Answer: A) Rev. Thomas Jones*
*19. Who was the British political agent responsible for planning the strategic road construction through the Khasi Hills, triggering the Anglo-Khasi War?*
A) David Scott
B) Captain Jenkins
C) Lord Amherst
D) Colonel Lister
*Answer: A) David Scott*
*20. In the traditional history of the Khasi people, what does the term "Hynniewtrep" signify?*
A) The Seven Huts (Seven Families)
B) The Sacred Forest
C) The Land of Waterfalls
D) The Nine Families
*Answer: A) The Seven Huts (Seven Families)*
*🗺️ Part 2: Geography, Borders, Districts & Headquarters (Questions 21–40)*
*21. With which country does Meghalaya share its southern and western international borders?*
A) Bhutan
B) Myanmar
C) Bangladesh
D) Nepal
*Answer: C) Bangladesh*
*22. Which single Indian state borders Meghalaya to the north and east?*
A) Tripura
B) Mizoram
C) Assam
D) Nagaland
*Answer: C) Assam*
*23. What is the approximate total land area of Meghalaya?*
A) 22,429 sq km
B) 10,486 sq km
C) 16,579 sq km
D) 25,021 sq km
*Answer: A) 22,429 sq km*
*24. What is the name of the highest peak in Meghalaya?*
A) Nokrek Peak
B) Shillong Peak
C) Tura Peak
D) Kyllang Rock
*Answer: B) Shillong Peak*
*25. What is the exact elevation of the Shillong Peak above sea level?*
A) 1,965 metres
B) 1,515 metres
C) 1,412 metres
D) 2,100 metres
*Answer: A) 1,965 metres*
*26. Which mountain peak is the highest point in the Garo Hills region?*
A) Kailas Peak
B) Nokrek Peak
C) Tura Peak
D) Arbella Peak
*Answer: B) Nokrek Peak*
*27. What geological structure constitutes the core terrain of Meghalaya?*
A) Deccan Plateau
B) Shillong Plateau (Meghalaya Plateau)
C) Chota Nagpur Plateau
D) Malwa Plateau
*Answer: B) Shillong Plateau (Meghalaya Plateau)*
*28. What is the district headquarters of South West Khasi Hills district?*
A) Mawkyrwat
B) Nongstoin
C) Mairang
D) Khliehriat
*Answer: A) Mawkyrwat*
*29. Which town serves as the administrative district headquarters of West Jaintia Hills?*
A) Khliehriat
B) Jowai
C) Resubelpara
D) Williamnagar
*Answer: B) Jowai*
*30. Which district was newly formed in 2021 as the 12th district of Meghalaya?*
A) Eastern West Khasi Hills
B) South West Garo Hills
C) North Garo Hills
D) East Jaintia Hills
*Answer: A) Eastern West Khasi Hills*
*31. What is the district headquarters of the newly formed Eastern West Khasi Hills district?*
A) Mairang
B) Nongstoin
C) Resubelpara
D) Baghmara
*Answer: A) Mairang*
*32. Which town is the district headquarters of East Garo Hills?*
A) Williamnagar
B) Tura
C) Baghmara
D) Resubelpara
*Answer: A) Williamnagar*
*33. What is the district headquarters of South Garo Hills?*
A) Ampati
B) Baghmara
C) Resubelpara
D) Jowai
*Answer: B) Baghmara*
*34. Which city serves as the district headquarters of West Garo Hills?*
A) Tura
B) Williamnagar
C) Baghmara
D) Nongpoh
*Answer: A) Tura*
*35. Nongpoh is the administrative district headquarters of which district?*
A) Ri-Bhoi
B) West Khasi Hills
C) East Khasi Hills
D) North Garo Hills
*Answer: A) Ri-Bhoi*
*36. Which district has its headquarters located at Khliehriat?*
A) East Jaintia Hills
B) West Jaintia Hills
C) Eastern West Khasi Hills
D) South West Khasi Hills
*Answer: A) East Jaintia Hills*
*37. What is the district headquarters of West Khasi Hills?*
A) Nongstoin
B) Mawkyrwat
C) Mairang
D) Nongpoh
*Answer: A) Nongstoin*
*38. Which unique dome-shaped massive granitic rock formation is located near Mairang in West Khasi Hills?*
A) Kyllang Rock
B) Symper Rock
C) Shillong Peak
D) Kopili Rock
*Answer: A) Kyllang Rock*
*39. Which town in Meghalaya holds the global record for receiving the highest average annual rainfall on Earth?*
A) Sohra (Cherrapunjee)
B) Mawsynram
C) Shillong
D) Jowai
*Answer: B) Mawsynram*
*40. In which physiological hill range are Mawsynram and Sohra geographically located?*
A) Garo Hills
B) Khasi Hills
C) Jaintia Hills
D) Mikir Hills
*Answer: B) Khasi Hills*
*💧 Part 3: Rivers, Lakes, Waterfalls & Caves (Questions 41–55)*
*41. Which river in Meghalaya, famed for its crystal-clear water, flows through Dawki?*
A) Umngot
B) Myntdu
C) Umiam
D) Kopili
*Answer: A) Umngot*
*42. Which river is the longest and largest river flowing through the Garo Hills region?*
A) Simsang (Someswari)
B) Ganol
C) Bugi
D) Jinjiram
*Answer: A) Simsang (Someswari)*
*43. The famous Umiam Lake (popularly known as Barapani) is an artificial reservoir fed by which river?*
A) Umngot
B) Umiam River
C) Myntdu
D) Wah Umkhrah
*Answer: B) Umiam River*
*44. Which river acts as a natural boundary separating the Jaintia Hills from the Assam plains to the east?*
A) Kopili River
B) Umngot River
C) Myntdu River
D) Lukha River
*Answer: A) Kopili River*
*45. Which river in the Jaintia Hills encircles the town of Jowai and is traditionally regarded as the guardian angel of the town?*
A) Myntdu
B) Lukha
C) Umngot
D) Someswari
*Answer: A) Myntdu*
*46. Which waterfall in Meghalaya is the highest plunge waterfall in India?*
A) Elephant Falls
B) Nohkalikai Falls
C) Seven Sisters Falls
D) Sweet Falls
*Answer: B) Nohkalikai Falls*
*47. Where is the famous Nohkalikai waterfall precisely located?*
A) Near Sohra
B) Near Tura
C) Near Jowai
D) Near Nongpoh
*Answer: A) Near Sohra*
*48. Which waterfall is also known as the "Mawsmai Falls" due to its proximity to the Mawsmai village?*
A) Nohsngithiang Falls (Seven Sisters Falls)
B) Nohkalikai Falls
C) Bishop Falls
D) Langshiang Falls
*Answer: A) Nohsngithiang Falls (Seven Sisters Falls)*
*49. Which prominent three-tiered waterfall is located just on the outskirts of Shillong city?*
A) Elephant Falls
B) Sweet Falls
C) Spread Eagle Falls
D) Beadon Falls
*Answer: A) Elephant Falls*
*50. What was the original Khasi name for Elephant Falls before the British renamed it?*
A) Kshaid Lai Pateng Khohsiew
B) Kshaid Nohkalikai
C) Kshaid Urwan
D) Kshaid Sunapani
*Answer: A) Kshaid Lai Pateng Khohsiew*
*51. Which is the longest natural cave system in India, located in the East Jaintia Hills of Meghalaya?*
A) Krem Liat Prah
B) Krem Puri
C) Mawsmai Cave
D) Siju Cave
*Answer: A) Krem Liat Prah*
*52. Which cave in Meghalaya is world-famous as the longest sandstone cave on Earth?*
A) Krem Puri
B) Krem Liat Prah
C) Krem Kotsati
D) Mawmluh Cave
*Answer: A) Krem Puri*
*53. Which cave in Meghalaya is widely known as the "Cave of Bats" and is located in the South Garo Hills?*
A) Siju Cave
B) Dobhakol
C) Tetengkol
D) Bok Bak Dobhakol
*Answer: A) Siju Cave*
*54. The international geological time frame "Meghalayan Age" was defined based on chemical analysis of stalagmites from which specific cave?*
A) Mawmluh Cave
B) Mawsmai Cave
C) Krem Liat Prah
D) Siju Cave
*Answer: A) Mawmluh Cave*
*55. Which lake is a major natural body of water situated in the West Garo Hills, steeped in local legends?*
A) Napak Lake
B) Umiam Lake
C) Thadlaskein Lake
D) Ward's Lake
*Answer: A) Napak Lake*
*🌳 Part 4: National Parks, Wildlife & Environment (Questions 56–70)*
*56. Which National Park in Meghalaya is famous as a critical habitat for the Red Panda and the Asian Elephant?*
A) Balpakram National Park
B) Nokrek National Park
C) Nokrek Biosphere Reserve
D) Siju Wildlife Sanctuary
*Answer: A) Balpakram National Park*
*57. Where is the Balpakram National Park geographically located?*
A) South Garo Hills
B) East Khasi Hills
C) Ri-Bhoi
D) West Jaintia Hills
*Answer: A) South Garo Hills*
*58. Which site in Meghalaya was designated as the first Biosphere Reserve in the state by UNESCO?*
A) Nokrek Biosphere Reserve
B) Balpakram National Park
C) Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary
D) Mawphlang Sacred Grove
*Answer: A) Nokrek Biosphere Reserve*
*59. Nokrek National Park is internationally recognized for being the genetic mother-site of which wild citrus fruit?*
A) Citrus indica (Indian Wild Orange/Memang Narang)
B) Khasi Mandarin
C) Lemon
D) Pomelo
*Answer: A) Citrus indica (Indian Wild Orange/Memang Narang)*
*60. Which wildlife sanctuary in the Ri-Bhoi district is celebrated for having one of the richest bird diversities in Northeast India?*
A) Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary
B) Siju Wildlife Sanctuary
C) Baghmara Pitcher Plant Sanctuary
D) Pitcher Plant Sanctuary (Jaintia Hills)
*Answer: A) Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary*
*61. Which endemic and endangered insectivorous plant species is found growing wild in the Garo and Jaintia Hills?*
A) Nepenthes khasiana (Pitcher Plant)
B) Drosera
C) Venus Flytrap
D) Utricularia
*Answer: A) Nepenthes khasiana (Pitcher Plant)*
*62. What is the local Garo name for the insectivorous Pitcher Plant?*
A) Memang Koksi
B) Tiew Rrakot
C) Narang
D) Ja-iur
*Answer: A) Memang Koksi*
*63. Which community forest is the most famous and well-preserved "Sacred Grove" (Law Kyntang) in Meghalaya?*
A) Mawphlang Sacred Grove
B) Mawmluh Grove
C) Cherrapunjee Grove
D) Jowai Sacred Grove
*Answer: A) Mawphlang Sacred Grove*
*64. What type of climate generally prevails over the central plateau region of Meghalaya?*
A) Sub-tropical Monsoon climate
B) Tropical Savannah climate
C) Arid climate
D) Tundra climate
*Answer: A) Sub-tropical Monsoon climate*
*65. According to India State of Forest Reports, approximately what percentage of Meghalaya's total geographical area is under forest cover?*
A) Over 75%
B) Around 50%
C) Less than 33%
D) Exactly 90%
*Answer: A) Over 75%*
*66. Which mineral resource is found in massive sedimentary reserves across the southern slopes of Meghalaya (Sohra, Jaintia Hills)?*
A) Limestone
B) Iron Ore
C) Copper
D) Bauxite
*Answer: A) Limestone*
*67. The controversial unscientific mining practice historically prevalent in Meghalaya for extracting coal is known as what?*
A) Rat-hole mining
B) Open-cast mining
C) Strip mining
D) Mountaintop removal
*Answer: A) Rat-hole mining*
*68. Which agricultural product from Meghalaya, famous for its exceptionally high curcumin content, received the GI (Geographical Indication) Tag?*
A) Lakadong Turmeric
B) Khasi Mandarin
C) Garo Ginger
D) Sohiong
*Answer: A) Lakadong Turmeric*
*69. Lakadong village, famous for its premium turmeric cultivation, is located in which district?*
A) West Jaintia Hills
B) East Jaintia Hills
C) East Khasi Hills
D) Ri-Bhoi
*Answer: A) West Jaintia Hills*
*70. Which fruit variety native to the Khasi Hills holds a Geographical Indication (GI) tag?*
A) Khasi Mandarin
B) Sohphie
C) Sohiong
D) Pineapple
*Answer: A) Khasi Mandarin*
*🎭 Part 5: Culture, Tribes, Festivals & Symbols (Questions 71–85)*
*71. The indigenous tribal communities of Meghalaya traditionally follow which structural lineage system?*
A) Matrilineal system
B) Patrilineal system
C) Bilateral system
D) Ambilineal system
*Answer: A) Matrilineal system*
*72. In the traditional Khasi system of inheritance, who inherits the ancestral property and takes the role of custodian?*
A) Khatduh (The youngest daughter)
B) The eldest son
C) The eldest daughter
D) The maternal uncle
*Answer: A) Khatduh (The youngest daughter)*
*73. What is the name of the grand post-harvest festival celebrated by the Garo tribe, also known as the "100 Drums Festival"?*
A) Wangala
B) Nongkrem
C) Behdeinkhlam
D) Shad Suk Mynsiem
*Answer: A) Wangala*
*74. The annual "Shad Suk Mynsiem" dance festival celebrated by the Khasi community is also known as what?*
A) The Dance of Peaceful Hearts
B) The Festival of Hundred Drums
C) The Chasing of the Plague
D) The Spring Blossom Festival
*Answer: A) The Dance of Peaceful Hearts*
*75. Which premier religious festival of the Jaintia tribe is celebrated annually at Jowai to drive away plague and evil spirits?*
A) Behdeinkhlam
B) Wangala
C) Nongkrem
D) Chad Sukra
*Answer: A) Behdeinkhlam*
*76. What are the large, decorated tall structures made of bamboo and coloured paper immersed in pools during the Behdeinkhlam festival called?*
A) Raths
B) Rongs
C) Kyntangs
D) Nokpantes
*Answer: B) Rongs*
*77. The traditional sacrificial dance festival "Nongkrem Dance" is performed annually at the headquarters of the Syiem of which Khasi state?*
A) Smit (Khyrim Syiemship)
B) Cherra
C) Nongkhlaw
D) Mylliem
*Answer: A) Smit (Khyrim Syiemship)*
*78. What is the traditional silk-based costume worn by Khasi women during formal festivals and ceremonies?*
A) Jainsem / Dhara
B) Dakmanda
C) Daksari
D) Lungi
*Answer: A) Jainsem / Dhara*
*79. What is the name of the traditional wrap-around woven dress worn by Garo women?*
A) Dakmanda
B) Jainsem
C) Dhara
D) Pano
*Answer: A) Dakmanda*
*80. What is the official State Animal of Meghalaya?*
A) Clouded Leopard
B) Red Panda
C) One-horned Rhinoceros
D) Hoolock Gibbon
*Answer: A) Clouded Leopard*
*81. Which bird is designated as the official State Bird of Meghalaya?*
A) Hill Myna
B) Great Hornbill
C) Peacock
D) House Sparrow
*Answer: A) Hill Myna*
*82. What is the official State Tree of Meghalaya?*
A) Gamhar (Gmelina arborea)
B) Teak
C) Sal
D) Pine tree
*Answer: A) Gamhar (Gmelina arborea)*
*83. Which orchid variety serves as the official State Flower of Meghalaya?*
A) Lady's Slipper Orchid
B) Foxtail Orchid
C) Blue Vanda
D) Lost Orchid
*Answer: A) Lady's Slipper Orchid*
*84. What is the traditional pork and black sesame seed rice dish highly popular in Khasi cuisine?*
A) Jadoh
B) Dohneiiong
C) Kappa
D) Tungrymbai
*Answer: A) Jadoh*
*85. What traditional fermented soybean dish serves as a crucial flavoring agent in Khasi households?*
A) Tungrymbai
B) Kinema
C) Akhuni
D) Chutney
*Answer: A) Tungrymbai*
*🏛️ Part 6: Administration, Polity & Local Governance (Questions 86–100)*
*86. How many total legislative seats (constituencies) comprise the unicameral Meghalaya Legislative Assembly?*
A) 60
B) 40
C) 126
D) 50
*Answer: A) 60*
*87. Out of the 60 Assembly seats in Meghalaya, how many constituencies are constitutionally reserved for Scheduled Tribes (ST)?*
A) 55
B) 60
C) 50
D) 45
*Answer: A) 55*
*88. How many members does Meghalaya elect to the lower house of Indian Parliament (Lok Sabha)?*
A) 2
B) 1
C) 3
D) 4
*Answer: A) 2*
*89. Name the two Lok Sabha parliamentary constituencies of Meghalaya.*
A) Shillong and Tura
B) Jowai and Nongstoin
C) Tura and Baghmara
D) Shillong and Nongpoh
*Answer: A) Shillong and Tura*
*90. How many seats are allocated to Meghalaya in the upper house of Parliament (Rajya Sabha)?*
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 0
*Answer: A) 1*
*91. Under which Schedule of the Constitution of India are the Autonomous District Councils (ADCs) of Meghalaya administered?*
A) Sixth Schedule
B) Fifth Schedule
C) Seventh Schedule
D) Eighth Schedule
*Answer: A) Sixth Schedule*
*92. How many Autonomous District Councils (ADCs) operate within the state of Meghalaya?*
A) 3
B) 2
C) 4
D) 5
*Answer: A) 3 (KHADC, JHADC, GHADC)*
*93. What is the full legislative expansion of the acronym "KHADC"?*
A) Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council
B) Khasi Hills Administration District Committee
C) Khasi Highland Autonomous Development Council
D) Khasi Heritage Autonomous District Council
*Answer: A) Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council*
*94. The Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council (JHADC) has its administrative headquarters in which town?*
A) Jowai
B) Khliehriat
C) Dawki
D) Mairang
*Answer: A) Jowai*
*95. Where are the central headquarters of the Garo Hills Autonomous District Council (GHADC) located?*
A) Tura
B) Williamnagar
C) Baghmara
D) Resubelpara
*Answer: A) Tura*
*96. What is the traditional chief or head of a traditional Khasi administrative state (Syiemship) called?*
A) Syiem
B) Nokma
C) Dolloi
D) Lasker
*Answer: A) Syiem*
*97. What title is given to the traditional village headman in the Garo Hills region who acts as custodian of clan lands?*
A) Nokma
B) Syiem
C) Dolloi
D) Sordar
*Answer: A) Nokma*
*98. What is the traditional administrative head of a group of villages in the Jaintia Hills called?*
A) Dolloi
B) Syiem
C) Nokma
D) Lyngdoh
*Answer: A) Dolloi*
*99. Which institution acts as the highest judicial body located inside the state of Meghalaya, established in 2013?*
A) High Court of Meghalaya
B) Gauhati High Court
C) Shillong Bench of Gauhati High Court
D) Supreme Court State Branch
*Answer: A) High Court of Meghalaya*
*100. In which census year did Meghalaya record the highest decadal population growth rate (27.95%) among all states in Northeast India?*
A) 2011 Census
B) 2001 Census
C) 1991 Census
D) 1981 Census
*Answer: A) 2011 Census*
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